Reidblog [The Reid Report blog]
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| Think at your own risk. |
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| So we all agree, then |
According to a new poll out on the NYT web-site, 72 percent of U.S. troops serving in Iraq, want the mission brought to a close within one year. Meanwhile, more bombings in Baghdad...
Tags: Iraq war, Republicans, Bush, corruption, News, Iraq, War |
posted by JReid @ 10:49 AM   |
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| Is our neocons learning? (Iranian oil bourse edition) |
The neocons aren't finished with the Middle East. Having learned nothing from the disaster that is Iraq, they want the U.S. to attack Iran in the worst way. Here's a taste of their case against Iran, courtesy of Jay Tea at Wizbang, plus my response to him:
Oh, the parallels of history:
"Iran is led by a Prime Minister who has a history of ordering and carrying out the executions of his enemies, both at home and abroad. He has been tied to the deaths of dozens, if not hundreds, of Iranian dissidents around the world. He has repeatedly proclaimed his belief in the Islamic version of Armageddon, has repeatedly called for Israel to be wiped off the map, and insists on unfettered research into nuclear physics -- saying it is strictly for peaceful purposes, but meanwhile asserting his nation's right to possess nuclear weapons. ..." [JT]
Meanwhile...
The United States is led by a president who has a history of ordering the indefinite detention and sanctioning the torture of individuals, including minors, many of whom were later found to be bystanders rather than al-Qaida terrorists, and others of whom were tortured into giving their interrogators false information later used to justify the misuse of American armed forces in Iraq. He has disappeared American citizens without trial, festooned the globe with secret prisons that are tied to the deaths of an uncounted number of people, and ordered the secret wiretapping and surveillance of political opponents and God only knows who else (journalists, maybe?). His administration outed a covert agent working on non-proliferation issues, threatening her safety and the safety of everyone she ever dealt with, simply because her husband criticized the political policy of invading Iraq. He has repeatedly proclaimed that the United States is spreading freedom around the world, and that democracies are peaceful, yet his "democratically elected" administration ordered the invasion of a country that had not attacked and did not threaten us. He and his administration manipulated intelligence to justify a war that has killed upwards of 100,000 Iraqis and more than 2,000 U.S. troops, and which has injured nearly 20,000 others. Two-thirds of our troops now apparently believe the mission should be brought to an end (NYT poll today). And he has propped up a dictator in Pakistan, an oligarchy in Saudi Arabia, whom, along with the UAE, he and his family have repeatedly taken money from, and to whom he is now prepared to hand over operational control of 21 U.S. ports (after having thrown open the U.S. southern border to an unlimited hoarde of barely paid corporate slaves. He decries the search for nuclear weapons by countries seeking a deterrent against Israel, which is armed to the teeth with them, while continuing research on next-generation nuclear weapons for our use.
What a world. Among the most dillusional of the remaining neocons (Fukuyama having jumped ship, is Charles Krauthammer. He wants to invade Iran so badly he can taste it...
Syria is weak and deterred by Israel. North Korea, having gone nuclear, is untouchable. That leaves Iran. What to do? There are only two things that will stop the Iranian nuclear program: revolution from below or an attack on its nuclear facilities.
The country should be ripe for revolution. The regime is detested. But the mullahs are very good at police-state tactics. The long-awaited revolution is not happening.
Which makes the question of pre-emptive attack all the more urgent. Iran will go nuclear during the next presidential term. Some Americans wishfully think that the Israelis will do the dirty work for us, as in 1981 when they destroyed Saddam's nuclear reactor. But for Israel, attacking Iran is a far more difficult proposition. It is farther away. Moreover, detection and antiaircraft technology are far more advanced than 20 years ago.
There may be no deus ex machina. If nothing is done, a fanatical terrorist regime openly dedicated to the destruction of the ``Great Satan'' will have both nuclear weapons and the terrorists and missiles to deliver them. All that stands between us and that is either revolution or pre-emptive strike. Hm. Iran's president may be nutty, but to my knowledge he hasn't said he wants to destroy America. A Google search found the following statement by Ahmadinejad about the "Great Satan":
"America's unilateral move to sever ties with the Islamic Republic was aimed at destroying the Islamic revolution...
"America was free to sever its ties with Iran, but it remains Iran's decision to re-establish relations with America." Ahmadinejad has called for the destruction of Israel. Perhaps for Krauthammer and other neocons there is no distinction, but there certainly is a distinction for me, for American taxpayers, and for the United States military, which is pledged only to defend us... (Israel has a quite well armed military of its own, don't ya know...)
The thinking in many quarters is that the attack on Iran is already in the cards, with the CIA already circumventing Congressional restrictions to begin carrying out covert operations there. And as the conspiracy goes, the attack will happen next month, and it won't be about nukes -- instead it will be all tied up with Iran's decision last year to convert its oil sales from petrodollars to petroeuros, and to launch a competitive, Intenet-based oil market that will rival London and New York.
From an article by broadcaster Alan Simpson last August:
Washington, August 8th, 2005 -- The announcement that Iran is to begin pricing its petroleum products in euros and create an "Iranian Oil Bourse" for trading oil, in direct competition with New York and London has sent the Oil Barons into a tail spin.
Convinced that their grab of Iraqi oilfields after Saddam dared to announce that he was moving to the Euro should have taught the Iranians a lesson, the NeoCons under Cheney and Rumsfeld seek to up the stakes in their "Old Mans Poker Game". Any moron who still believes that Iraq was either invaded for the threatening Weapons of Mass Destruction and to create a democratic state in the Middle East should stop reading now, and take their medication. But now the stakes are much higher, and the odds are not in our favor. NeoCon military planners even go so far as to contemplate using first strike nuclear weapons.
Others, outside of the carefully controlled mainstream media are warning against such folly. William Clark wrote:
"In essence, Iran is about to commit a far greater "offense" than Saddam Hussein's conversion to the euro for Iraq's oil exports in the fall of 2000. Beginning in March 2006, the Tehran government has plans to begin competing with New York's NYMEX and London's IPE with respect to international oil trades – using a euro-based international oil-trading mechanism.[7] The proposed Iranian oil bourse signifies that without some sort of US intervention, the euro is going to establish a firm foothold in the international oil trade. Given U.S. debt levels and the stated neoconservative project of U.S. global domination, Tehran's objective constitutes an obvious encroachment on dollar supremacy in the crucial international oil market.
From the autumn of 2004 through August 2005, numerous leaks by concerned Pentagon employees have revealed that the neoconservatives in Washington are quietly – but actively – planning for a possible attack against Iran. In September 2004 Newsweek reported:
Deep in the Pentagon, admirals and generals are updating plans for possible U.S. military action in Syria and Iran. The Defense Department unit responsible for military planning for the two troublesome countries is "busier than ever," an administration official says. Some Bush advisers characterize the work as merely an effort to revise routine plans the Pentagon maintains for all contingencies in light of the Iraq war. More skittish bureaucrats say the updates are accompanied by a revived campaign by administration conservatives and neocons for more hard-line U.S. policies toward the countries…'"
A PetroEuro would shatter the illusion, swallowed by the gullible voters, that all is just fine in the US Economy. At present the printing presses can churn out as many dollar bills as the President needs for his latest folly. It doesn't matter if all the US factories and workshops are closed down, and everyone is in paper debt up to their ears, just print more money and give them a tax break to keep them quiet. Then collect all the paper debt together and get another loan from China. This is not just theoretical. Conspiratorial thinking? Yes. But theoretical? You wish. Read on:
What is the Iranian Bourse and what has a Russian natural gas curtailment got to do with it?
Well, to answer the second question; in future, some gas delivered to Ukraine and perhaps on to Western Europe via pipeline will be Iranian.
And, according to Iranian officials, the Iranian Bourse will be a state-owned international oil, gas and refined products exchange, operating principally over the Internet, with transactions denominated principally in Euros.
The Iranian Bourse will be competing directly with London’s International Petroleum Exchange and New York’s Mercantile Exchange, both of which are owned by US corporations, and whose transactions are denominated in Dollars.
At present, the Dollar is the global monetary standard for petroleum exchange. Hence, all petroleum consuming countries – including China and Japan – must buy and keep a large cache of dollars in their central banks.
What would be the effect of an Iranian Bourse operating on petroeuros rather than petrodollars?
Well, back in 2000, Saddam Hussein converted Iraqi bank reserves from the Dollar to the Euro, and began demanding payments in Euro for Iraqi oil. Central banks of many countries – most notably Russia and China – began keeping Euros and Dollars as monetary "reserves" and as an exchange fund for oil.
And, perhaps at least partially because of Saddam’s conversion to it, by 2003 the Euro was stronger than the Dollar.
So, there are some observers who fervently believe that the real reason Bush-Cheney launched a war of aggression against Iraq was to restore the primacy of petrodollars and to demonstrate to any country – such as Iran, who had begun serious planning for the Iranian Bourse in 2000 – what would happen to them if they followed Saddam’s lead.
Of course, once occupied by the US-UK-Halliburton coalition, Iraqi oil sales were once again denominated in petrodollars. Still not buying it? Google the words "Iran oil bourse" and see what you get. You'll get lots of links you can wave off as conspiracy mongering. And then there's this from the staid Energy Bulletin: The Proposed Iranian Oil Bourse by Krassimir Petrov
I. Economics of Empires
A nation-state taxes its own citizens, while an empire taxes other nation-states. The history of empires, from Greek and Roman, to Ottoman and British, teaches that the economic foundation of every single empire is the taxation of other nations. The imperial ability to tax has always rested on a better and stronger economy, and as a consequence, a better and stronger military. One part of the subject taxes went to improve the living standards of the empire; the other part went to strengthen the military dominance necessary to enforce the collection of those taxes. ...
...Early in the 20th century, the U.S. economy began to dominate the world economy. The U.S. dollar was tied to gold, so that the value of the dollar neither increased, nor decreased, but remained the same amount of gold. The Great Depression, with its preceding inflation from 1921 to 1929 and its subsequent ballooning government deficits, had substantially increased the amount of currency in circulation, and thus rendered the backing of U.S. dollars by gold impossible. This led Roosevelt to decouple the dollar from gold in 1932. Up to this point, the U.S. may have well dominated the world economy, but from an economic point of view, it was not an empire. The fixed value of the dollar did not allow the Americans to extract economic benefits from other countries by supplying them with dollars convertible to gold.
Economically, the American Empire was born with Bretton Woods in 1945. The U.S. dollar was not fully convertible to gold, but was made convertible to gold only to foreign governments. This established the dollar as the reserve currency of the world. It was possible, because during WWII, the United States had supplied its allies with provisions, demanding gold as payment, thus accumulating significant portion of the world’s gold. An Empire would not have been possible if, following the Bretton Woods arrangement, the dollar supply was kept limited and within the availability of gold, so as to fully exchange back dollars for gold. However, the guns-and-butter policy of the 1960’s was an imperial one: the dollar supply was relentlessly increased to finance Vietnam and LBJ’s Great Society. Most of those dollars were handed over to foreigners in exchange for economic goods, without the prospect of buying them back at the same value. The increase in dollar holdings of foreigners via persistent U.S. trade deficits was tantamount to a tax—the classical inflation tax that a country imposes on its own citizens, this time around an inflation tax that U.S. imposed on rest of the world.
When in 1970-1971 foreigners demanded payment for their dollars in gold, The U.S. Government defaulted on its payment on August 15, 1971. While the popular spin told the story of “severing the link between the dollar and gold”, in reality the denial to pay back in gold was an act of bankruptcy by the U.S. Government. Essentially, the U.S. declared itself an Empire. It had extracted an enormous amount of economic goods from the rest of the world, with no intention or ability to return those goods, and the world was powerless to respond— the world was taxed and it could not do anything about it.
From that point on, to sustain the American Empire and to continue to tax the rest of the world, the United States had to force the world to continue to accept ever-depreciating dollars in exchange for economic goods and to have the world hold more and more of those depreciating dollars. It had to give the world an economic reason to hold them, and that reason was oil.
In 1971, as it became clearer and clearer that the U.S Government would not be able to buy back its dollars in gold, it made in 1972-73 an iron-clad arrangement with Saudi Arabia to support the power of the House of Saud in exchange for accepting only U.S. dollars for its oil. The rest of OPEC was to follow suit and also accept only dollars. Because the world had to buy oil from the Arab oil countries, it had the reason to hold dollars as payment for oil. Because the world needed ever increasing quantities of oil at ever increasing oil prices, the world’s demand for dollars could only increase. Even though dollars could no longer be exchanged for gold, they were now exchangeable for oil.
The economic essence of this arrangement was that the dollar was now backed by oil. As long as that was the case, the world had to accumulate increasing amounts of dollars, because they needed those dollars to buy oil. As long as the dollar was the only acceptable payment for oil, its dominance in the world was assured, and the American Empire could continue to tax the rest of the world. If, for any reason, the dollar lost its oil backing, the American Empire would cease to exist. Thus, Imperial survival dictated that oil be sold only for dollars. It also dictated that oil reserves were spread around various sovereign states that weren’t strong enough, politically or militarily, to demand payment for oil in something else. If someone demanded a different payment, he had to be convinced, either by political pressure or military means, to change his mind.
The man that actually did demand Euro for his oil was Saddam Hussein in 2000. At first, his demand was met with ridicule, later with neglect, but as it became clearer that he meant business, political pressure was exerted to change his mind. When other countries, like Iran, wanted payment in other currencies, most notably Euro and Yen, the danger to the dollar was clear and present, and a punitive action was in order. Bush’s Shock-and-Awe in Iraq was not about Saddam’s nuclear capabilities, about defending human rights, about spreading democracy, or even about seizing oil fields; it was about defending the dollar, ergo the American Empire. It was about setting an example that anyone who demanded payment in currencies other than U.S. Dollars would be likewise punished.
Many have criticized Bush for staging the war in Iraq in order to seize Iraqi oil fields. However, those critics can’t explain why Bush would want to seize those fields—he could simply print dollars for nothing and use them to get all the oil in the world that he needs. He must have had some other reason to invade Iraq.
History teaches that an empire should go to war for one of two reasons: (1) to defend itself or (2) benefit from war; if not, as Paul Kennedy illustrates in his magisterial The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, a military overstretch will drain its economic resources and precipitate its collapse. Economically speaking, in order for an empire to initiate and conduct a war, its benefits must outweigh its military and social costs. Benefits from Iraqi oil fields are hardly worth the long-term, multi-year military cost. Instead, Bush must have went into Iraq to defend his Empire. Indeed, this is the case: two months after the United States invaded Iraq, the Oil for Food Program was terminated, the Iraqi Euro accounts were switched back to dollars, and oil was sold once again only for U.S. dollars. No longer could the world buy oil from Iraq with Euro. Global dollar supremacy was once again restored. Bush descended victoriously from a fighter jet and declared the mission accomplished—he had successfully defended the U.S. dollar, and thus the American Empire.
In which case, one has to ask, if Iraq is now trading oil, such as it can under the present circumstances, in dollars, then no matter how badly things are going there, the U.S. mission there can only fail if a government winds up in place which goes back to the Euro.
Why do nations go to war? Krauthammer style Islamophobia? Dick Cheney and George Bush weren't even neocons before they came to power -- in fact I doubt George W. Bush ever gave a moment's thought to world politics and democracy before he was fed the Straussian line by Wolfowitz and company. But what's in it for Cheney? A few more million in Halliburton deferred stock? What about Rumsfeld? What has always bothered me about the Iraq war is that it never made any sense. In my opinion, the neoconservative dreamers are simply deluded narcissists whose desire to wipe out the enemies of Israel stems from some deep-seated sense of lack at not having been a part of the violent (they'd say heroic) birth of that nation which so many hold dear. But they are Machiavellian too. The PNAC makes it clear that the search for "full spectrum dominance" isn't about freeing those dear little brown people over there -- neocons are generally viciously anti-Arab and disdainful of Muslims. They seemingly could give a damn about their freedom. What they want is to control Europ and Asia by controlling the basic resources those regions need to grow and to compete with us. It's not a theory, it's in the text of their many, many documents.
So the war in Iraq had to be about something concrete -- not "democracy." And oil for its own sake made no sense. Sure we could control the exports, but why not control the currency and the trading environment too?
That makes the possibility of war with Iran sound plausible to me, and it makes the invasion of Iraq even more sinister, but also more realpolitik than we on the other side give the neocons credit for. This is not to say that I don't think Iran wants nuclear weapons. I think it's pretty clear that they do. The question is, why do they want them? What is it that they're trying to deter, or to defend? Is it really about obliterating Israel? I think not. Israel would nuke them into the stone age if they even looked like they were going to attack. So what? Could it be that they're playing a massive game of chicken against us, in an effort to protect their oil bourse? It's definitely something to consider.
Do I really think we're going to strike Iran? Who knows. But if we do, I won't believe for a moment that it's about what the administration says it's about. ...
Tags: Iraq war, Iran, Bush, Neocons, News, Oil bourse, Oil, War, Conspiracy theories |
posted by JReid @ 9:54 AM   |
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| Selling the electric grid, too |
From the Independent (UK):
National Grid, the owner of Britain's gas and electricity transmission networks, yesterday became the third largest energy supplier in the US after buying one of America's leading gas distributors in a £6.8bn cash deal.
The debt-financed acquisition of KeySpan, which is based on the north-eastern seaboard, is Grid's fifth US takeover since 2000 and means that it will now make more of its profits in America than the UK. ...
... Steve Holliday, who takes over as Grid's chief executive at the end of the year, signalled there was more American expansion to come as the company added to its gas distribution business. He did not rule out moving beyond the north-east of the US, which Grid has made its home since the initial £2.6bn purchase of New England Electric System six years ago.
This latest deal will increase Grid's US customer numbers to 7.7 million - making it the country's third largest gas distributor and seventh biggest electricity supplier. KeySpan is the biggest gas supplier in the north-eastern US, with 2.6 million customers in New York, Massachusetts and New Hampshire. It also has an electricity transmission and distribution business in Long Island serving 1.1 million customers and 6,700 megawatts of electricity-generating capacity. ... Meanwhile, DPW is still trying to silence Lou Dobbs. ... I wouldn't bet on it...
BTW Keyspan is variously described as the largest natural gas distributor in the Northeast and the fifth largest overall in theU.S. The largest natural gas distributors in the U.S. are Texas-based Atmos Energy (#1) which services the Southwest, and the other is probably Pacificorp in the West, which takes care of California, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming, Utah and Idaho. Pacificorp was bought six years ago by a European company called Scottish Power. More on that from the Telegraph UK:
The company insisted that its empire building would not come unstuck in the same way as ScottishPower's disastrous acquisition of Pacificorp in the mid-west six years ago. The company was eventually sold to Warren Buffett last year for $5.1bn.
Steve Holliday, who will succeed Roger Urwin as chief executive in December, said this deal was different because National Grid already operates subsidiaries in neighbouring states and only a tiny minority of its workers - just 20 out of 10,000 - are expatriates. "It is run by Americans. This is very different from ScottishPower's model," he said. ...
...The deal is subject to five separate regulatory clearances and should be completed by summer 2007. Executives telephoned local politicians on Sunday evening, including New York senator Hillary Clinton, to explain the deal and ensure that it was politically acceptable. U.S.-based Consolidated Edison of New York (aka ConEd if you've lived in the NYC...) wanted to buy KeySpan, which it used to own, but it faced anti-trust problems, and so lost out to the UK co.
It's called globalization, folks, and it isn't coming, it's here.
Tags: News, Exporting America, Lou Dobbs |
posted by JReid @ 12:59 AM   |
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| As if he needed this today... |
The report on Bush's bike accident at Gleneagles Scotland last year is out. ... sorry, Bushbots, this just isn't your month...
The report details how the police unit, dressed in riot gear, was guarding a road outside the Gleneagles Hotel when Mr Bush cycled up on a damp road.
"As the president passed the junction at speed he raised his left arm from the handlebars to wave to the police officers present while shouting 'Thanks, you guys, for coming'.
"As he did this he lost control of the cycle, falling to the ground, causing both himself and his bicycle to strike [the officer] on the lower legs," it says. ... well at least he didn't get the injured security officer to apologize to him on national TV...
Tags: politics, News, Bush, Bike accident |
posted by JReid @ 12:46 AM   |
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| Past bottom |
Will all the pundits who said Bush's approval ratings bottomed out at 40 percent please stand up. I have something unpleasant for you:
As Bush prepares to be ringed by a 5,000-MAN SECURITY DETAIL in India, there's more trouble on the homefront. Says a new CBS News poll:
The latest CBS News poll finds President Bush's approval rating has fallen to an all-time low of 34 percent, while pessimism about the Iraq war has risen to a new high.
Americans are also overwhelmingly opposed to the Bush-backed deal giving a Dubai-owned company operational control over six major U.S. ports. Seven in 10 Americans, including 58 percent of Republicans, say they're opposed to the agreement. ...
...In a separate poll, two out of three Americans said they do not think President Bush has responded adequately to the needs of Katrina victims. Only 32 percent approve of the way President Bush is responding to those needs, a drop of 12 points from last September’s poll, taken just two weeks after the storm made landfall. ...
... For the first time in this poll, most Americans say the president does not care much about people like themselves. Fifty-one percent now think he doesn't care, compared to 47 percent last fall.
Just 30 percent approve of how Mr. Bush is handling the Iraq war, another all-time low.
By two to one, the poll finds Americans think U.S. efforts to bring stability to Iraq are going badly – the worst assessment yet of progress in Iraq.
Even on fighting terrorism, which has long been a strong suit for Mr. Bush, his ratings dropped lower than ever. Half of Americans say they disapprove of how he's handling the war on terror, while 43 percent approve.
In a bright spot for the administration, most Americans appeared to have heard enough about Vice President Dick Cheney's hunting accident.
More then three in four said it was understandable that the accident had occurred and two-thirds said the media had spent too much time covering the story.
Still, the incident appears to have made the public's already negative view of Cheney a more so. Just 18 percent said they had a favorable view of the vice president, down from 23 percent in January. ... Ouch.
Tags: politics, News, Bush, government, polls, President Bush, CBS News |
posted by JReid @ 12:21 AM   |
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| Blame it on the Times |
The NYT is suing the Pentagon to get the names of those surveilled by the NSA...
Count the Jawans not happy... and once again, count the Times accused of aiding "the ter'rists..." Strata's on a rampage, too (surprise, surprise -- good to see his favorite whipping boys -- the media -- back in action I suppose ...) He thinks "the leakers" of this security damaging info are Rockefellar and Durbin! (Hm... I thought the leakers of the security damaging info were Scooter "subpoena the press" Libby and Karl Rove... uh, I mean ... "Official A..." go figure.)
As for me, I think the NYT suit, if it's successful, will uncover a fact that links the Libby and NSA stories: that among the "al-Qaida assets" being listened to by the NSA (when a ter'rist calls Americuh), were journalists, just like the ones Scooter plans to subpoena... And maybe a few Senators, too. Wouldn't that be interesting. Although, as Glen Greenwald has said, "when forced to choose between conservative principles or loyalty to Bush, Bush followers will expressly toss conservatism overboard and disclaim an association with its principles."
Personal freedom -- of the press and of the people from onerous government intrusion are supposedly among those conservative principles. Oh, sorry, forgot -- those are pre-9/11 principles...
Tags: politics, News, Bush, national security, NSA, government, spying, president |
posted by JReid @ 12:06 AM   |
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| Monday, February 27, 2006 |
| Dubai-bye |
Prediction: The Bush administration will use the 45 day "cooling off" period to find a way to kill the Dubai port deal. If they don't, the Republican lead Congress will kill it for them. Either way, the port deal is dead. DOA. DNR. No coming back. And you can quote me on that.
Why? Because Republicans can't afford to take a bath in the Senate in November (see the next post), or to do badly in the House, either (though the miracle of gerrymandering makes the House a virtual incumbency bonanza). Still, if the GOP loses one branch of the legislature, particularly the Senate, the whole house of cards comes tumbling down: investigations, subpoenas, or worse could be in the cards. There certainly are enough scandals out there to make their lives, and the president's, a living hell for the next two years: Plamegate/the Scooter Libby trial, the AIPAC spy scandal and the associated Iraq/Iran scandals in the Feith/Cambone wing of the Pentagon, ongoing controversies over torture, domestic spying, and the possible disintegration of Iraq...
Make no mistake, the ports deal is a loser for the GOP. It's a loser because it carries with it the baggage of three very bad things in the eyes of average Americans, which even Republicans are beginning to associate heavily with the national GOP and President Bush: globalism (read open borders and free trade, plus that Indian call center that pisses you off every time you call tech support...), big business in control of government (read Enron, Worldcom, Ford, General Motors, layoffs, pay cuts, corruption, bribes, no health care and Wal-Mart...) and Muslims (or Arabs if you like, since most Americans really don't perceive a difference)-- the latter of the three the Bush administration has spent four long years pounding into our heads that we should fear the way a child fears the boogeyman. So now, we're handing our ports over the boogeyman, why??? Most Americans just can't make the leap. (No, no dear, not these Arabs ... these Arabs are our fiends...) Yeah, buddy. Whatever. Most Americans, so well trained by the constant terrors of the Bush-Cheney message machine, could give a damn about the complexities. (And it's confusing: we're supposed to loathe the Muslims because they're pissed off at the Danish cartoons, loathe the Palestinians because ... well, they're there ... smack the Iraqis with one hand and hand over $1 trillion to them with the other, and now this???) I'm afraid it's all just too much, which is why four in five Americans oppose the deal, even as:
Just 39% of Americans know that the operating rights are currently owned by a foreign firm. Fifteen percent (15%) believe the operating rights are U.S. owned while 46% are not sure.
From a political perspective, President Bush's national security credentials have clearly been tarnished due to the outcry over this issue. For the first time ever, Americans have a slight preference for Democrats in Congress over the President on national security issues. Forty-three percent (43%) say they trust the Democrats more on this issue today while 41% prefer the President.
It is important to note that the question about trust on national security issues was asked first, before any mention was made of the Dubai Ports issue. [Source: Rasmussen Reports] Same point made by Paul Krugman here. (Take THAT, Times Select!!)
Let's go back to the beginning. At 2:40 p.m. on Sept. 11, 2001, Donald Rumsfeld gave military commanders their marching orders. "Judge whether good enough hit S. H. [Saddam Hussein] @ same time - not only UBL [Osama bin Laden]," read an aide's handwritten notes about his instructions. The notes were recently released after a Freedom of Information Act request. "Hard to get a good case," the notes acknowledge. Nonetheless, they say: "Sweep it all up. Things related and not."
So it literally began on Day 1. When terrorists attacked the United States, the Bush administration immediately looked for ways it could exploit the atrocity to pursue unrelated goals - especially, but not exclusively, a war with Iraq.
But to exploit the atrocity, President Bush had to do two things. First, he had to create a climate of fear: Al Qaeda, a real but limited threat, metamorphosed into a vast, imaginary axis of evil threatening America. Second, he had to blur the distinctions between nasty people who actually attacked us and nasty people who didn't.
The administration successfully linked Iraq and 9/11 in public perceptions through a campaign of constant insinuation and occasional outright lies. In the process, it also created a state of mind in which all Arabs were lumped together in the camp of evildoers. Osama, Saddam - what's the difference?
Now comes the port deal. Mr. Bush assures us that "people don't need to worry about security." But after all those declarations that we're engaged in a global war on terrorism, after all the terror alerts declared whenever the national political debate seemed to be shifting to questions of cronyism, corruption and incompetence, the administration can't suddenly change its theme song to "Don't Worry, Be Happy." ...
...Mr. Bush shouldn't really be losing his credibility as a terrorism fighter over the ports deal, which, after careful examination (which hasn't happened yet), may turn out to be O.K. Instead, Mr. Bush should have lost his credibility long ago over his diversion of U.S. resources away from the pursuit of Al Qaeda and into an unnecessary war in Iraq, his bungling of that war, and his adoption of a wrongful imprisonment and torture policy that has blackened America's reputation.
But there is, nonetheless, a kind of rough justice in Mr. Bush's current predicament. After 9/11, the American people granted him a degree of trust rarely, if ever, bestowed on our leaders. He abused that trust, and now he is facing a storm of skepticism about his actions - a storm that sweeps up everything, things related and not. Righto? Now for more on the ports deal.
Surprise! The Dubai firm seeking to take over the 21 U.S. ports enforces the boycott of Israel...
The Homeland Security Department (perhaps the most ironically named agency in U.S. government history) wasn't the only Bush team player to oppose the Dubai deal before they approved of it: Citing broad gaps in U.S. intelligence, the Coast Guard raised concerns weeks ago that it could not determine whether a United Arab Emirates-based company seeking a stake in some U.S. port operations might support terrorist operations.
The disclosure came during a hearing Monday on Dubai-owned DP World's plans to assume significant operations at six leading U.S. ports. It also clouded whether the Bush administration's agreement to conduct an unusual investigation into the pending takeover's security risks would allay lawmakers' concerns.
The administration said the Coast Guard's concerns were raised during its review of the deal, which it approved Jan. 17, and that all those questions were resolved. ...
..."There are many intelligence gaps, concerning the potential for DPW or P&O assets to support terrorist operations, that precludes an overall threat assessment" of the potential merger, an unclassified Coast Guard intelligence assessment said.
"The breadth of the intelligence gaps also infer potential unknown threats against a large number of potential vulnerabilities," said the half-page assessment. Officials said it was an unclassified excerpt from a larger document. ...
... The Coast Guard assessment raised questions about the security of the companies' operations, the backgrounds of people working for the companies, and whether other foreign countries influenced operations that affect security.
"We were never told about this and have no information about it," Michael Moore, DP World's senior vice president, said of the excerpt. However, he said it shows "serious and probing" questions were asked and that the initial approval of the deal indicates those questions were answered. Oh, and the Saudis are running U.S. ports, too, including one in Brooklyn... Sleep well!
Tags: Bush, Dubai, Ports, Terrorism, Politics, UAE, News, Republicans |
posted by JReid @ 11:08 PM   |
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| Bye-bye, Cheney? |
Will Dick Cheney retire after the midterms? Hm... From Insight Magazine:
Senior GOP sources envision the retirement of Mr. Cheney in 2007, months after the congressional elections. The sources said Mr. Cheney would be persuaded to step down as he becomes an increasing political liability to President Bush.
The sources reported a growing rift between the president and vice president as well as their staffs. They cited Mr. Cheney's failure to immediately tell the president of the accidental shooting of the vice president's hunting colleague earlier this month. The White House didn't learn of the incident until 18 hours later.
The sources reported a growing rift between the president and vice president as well as their staffs. They cited Mr. Cheney's failure to immediately tell the president of the accidental shooting of the vice president's hunting colleague earlier this month. The White House didn't learn of the incident until 18 hours later.
Mr. Cheney's next crisis could take place by the end of the year, the sources said. They said the White House was expecting Mr. Cheney to defend himself against charges from his former chief of staff, Lewis Libby, that the vice president ordered him to relay classified information. Such a charge could lead to a congressional investigation and even impeachment proceedings.
"Nothing will happen until after the congressional elections," a GOP source said. "After that, there will be significant changes in the administration and Cheney will probably be part of that."
Already, senators expect Special Counsel Patrick Fitzgerald to investigate whether Mr. Cheney authorized Mr. Libby to divulge classified material. Mr. Libby has told a grand jury that unnamed "superiors" directed him to relay the content of a National Intelligence Estimate on Iraq in July 2003. I've been saying for a long time that ultimately, the issue that will bring down the house of cards at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue would be those 16 words in Bush's 2003 State of the Union speech, and the fallout therefrom. Via the Fitzgerald investigation, that could just happen.
Tags: politics, News, Dick Cheney, elections, CIA leak, Plame, Valerie Plame, Joe Wilson , Karl Rove, Scooter Libby, White House, PlameGate |
posted by JReid @ 6:09 PM   |
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| Governors: Bush AWOL on Guard, GOP issues |
Note that all 50 governors signed a statement saying essentially that Bush's budget cuts and the lingering war in Iraq are hurting the National Guard... that's all 50, including Jeb... (BTW would it be cruel to point out the irony of George W. Bush appears to be neglecting and disdaining the Guard for the second time in his life...? )
George W. Bush has some fence mending to do with the Republican governors, who allong with GOP members of Congress are catching hell at home over the White House's missteps. Says AP:
The GOP governors reluctantly acknowledge that the series of gaffes threatens to undermine public confidence in President Bush's ability to provide security, which has long been his greatest strength among voters.
"You've got solid conservatives coming up speaking like they haven't before, it's likely that something's going on at the grass roots," said Republican Mark Sanford of South Carolina. "Whether it's temporary or not remains to be seen."
The unease was clear in interviews with more than a dozen governors over the weekend, including nearly half of the Republicans attending the winter meeting of the National Governors Association. The annual conference was taking place in a capital enthralled by the political firestorm over government plans to approve takeover of operations at some terminals at six U.S. ports by a company owned by the United Arab Emirates government.
Democrats see opportunity, and even those in conservative states say the administration's missteps will have a ripple effect politically at home. "I do think there's a considerable degree of skepticism about what's been happening at the federal level," said Democrat Kathleen Sebelius of Kansas. "If you didn't pick it up on Katrina, you did when you tried to help your parents" get drugs through the new Medicare program.
But it wasn't Bush's political opponents alone who saw weaknesses. So did his allies — listing the days of chaos in New Orleans after the hurricane, the nationwide confusion over the drug prescription program that forced many states to step in to help seniors get medications, and the ports security debacle that has drawn criticism from leading Republicans in Congress and the states.
"I don't think he was well served on the port issue by the bureaucracy," said Republican Dirk Kempthorne of Idaho, who is leading a united front of governors pushing back on potential reductions to National Guard forces. "He's at the forefront on national security. When you combine this flap on the ports, and these potential cuts on the military, you need to make sure that issue doesn't slip away. It's one of his strengths."
He also said the lack of communication from the administration on the Guard issue has been a problem. "There has been too much we have learned outside the loop. It's time we be inside the loop." Add to those woes the slowdown in housing starts -- an indication that perhaps the biggest thing propping up the economy: real estate speculation in places like Flrorida -- is beginning to look a bit leaky...
Forget the "three C's" being touted by the DNC (Competence, cronyism and corruption). The three dirty little words for the GOP come November are: Immigration, Iraq and Incompetance. The ports issue feeds into the already simmering Republican discontent with Bush's open borders policy, and his coziness with both multinational corporations and foreign oil interests. Had it not been for the immigration thorn, the base might have been more ready to listen to Bush's arguments on the port deal. But Republicans on the ground are growing disaffected -- although as this Zogby poll points out, neither party is exactly electrifying its base...
Tags: Bush, National Guard, Dubai, Ports, Terrorism, Politics, Iraq, News, Republicans |
posted by JReid @ 3:31 PM   |
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| Stategery |
Update: Hillary says Karl Rove obsesses about her...
Will she or won't she?
Hillary Clinton was in Florida for fundraisers last week (I missed the two events in Miami, darnit -- too busy...) and she's raising so much money for her walkaway Senate race that the inevitable question is being heard: What's all that dough for if not for 2008?
Well, I think she's going to run. In fact, I'm one of a dwindling number of Democrats who actually think she can win. Many others are urging her to stay out, fearing she'll rout the primary but lose the general election.
Drudge is reporting that Dubya and his brain think Hillary will run, and that she can easily be beaten in the generals. Actually, the reporting isn't exactly his own:
Reporter Bill Sammon, who joins the WASHINGTON EXAMINER as Senior White House Correspondent, is set to launch his new book, STRATEGERY.
In the Book, the DRUDGE REPORT has learned, Rove is quoted on the-record and is unleashed on Hillary:
There is a “brittleness about her” that could prove a weakness in November 2008.
But Rove added that the “hard-driving” Clinton will easily vanquish Democratic primary rivals like New Mexico Gov. Bill Richardson and former Virginia Gov. Mark Warner, who are merely “preening for the vice presidential slot.”
President Bush cautioned that Hillary Clinton should not be underestimated.
“She is a smart person, and obviously has got a lot of experience,” the president said in an exclusive interview for the book STRATEGERY, which is being published Monday. “It is helpful, to a certain extent, to have seen the presidency and presidential campaigns firsthand.” Why the consensus on the left and right? Because she's polarizing.
Right. Well, guess who else is polarizing? Here's a hint -- he's in the White House ... for a second term...
Polarizing isn't what loses you elections. Polarizing means you have a fervent base, and that you also have a fervent opposition. The only question is, which one is larger.
And the other question is one of marketing. Hillary has about 100 percent first name only name recognition among U.S. voters. And the power of the Clinton name, should she even need to use it, is equal to or even better than the brand name "Bush."
Can she win? Of course she can. What Hillary needs is three things: money, strong base support, and the power of inevitabilility. If she can be marketed as the inevitable president, she can win. (If she's smart enough to put an African-American on the ticket with her, she's in even better shape with the base. Right Barack Obama? And remember, Dubya and Rove have already taught us that you don't need much of the other side's base. You need your own to come out strong, and you need a solid gorund operation. The other side likely won't be with you, so leave them alone. As for the "centrists," they're only really a problem for Hillary if she faces John McCain, and in that case, her campaign's job will be to define him as a Bush clone -- which, conveniently enough, he basically IS -- he'll escalate the Iraq war, he's a neocon on the Middle East and so could start another one, and he's sucking up to Dubya so hard his lips are purple. And then there's his stupid little snit at Barack...)
Second, the ones doing the marketing if Hillary runs in '08 won't be the extreme lefties who love to hate her, or the timid Dems who are scared shitless that she'll make people angry. (Perish the thought!) It will be her inside team -- a group who know how to win (Carville, Begala, et. al.), how to raise money, and how to run like you don't give a good goddamn what Rush Limbaugh and Sean Hannity have to say.
Third, she'll have a guy named Bill advising her. 'Nuff said.
Hillary can win if she runs. The left and the right had better get used to it.
More later. Gotta run.
Tags: politics, News, elections, Hillary Clinton, John McCain, hillary,2008, Republicans, Democrats |
posted by JReid @ 12:24 PM   |
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| Burning down the house |
Update: LaShawn Barber weighs in...
Why am I watching this again? Oh, yeah. So I can make an informed assessement of the “State of Black America.” ... ...then weighs in again, while attacking D.C. schools...
The Conservative Voice says Hannity and Limbaugh noticed Farrakhan's remarks. I'm sure their analyses were scintillating...
Conservative blogger James Estrada says Farakhan quoted the wrong text:
Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan was quoting the Bible this weekend at the 2006 State of the Black Union Conference. He was talking about how the Bible calls for a “baptism of fire” and, in his judgment, “America must burn.” Isn’t the Bible the holy book of infidels – Christians and Jews? Why would a Muslim quote the Bible? Farrakhan also spoke of how Osama bin Laden may not have done what he’s “accused” of doing. Most rational people know Farrakhan is a lunatic. So who were those people applauding this guy?
If the majority of blacks find comfort in this kind of rhetoric, then it is they that need to experience a true baptism of fire. Unfortunately, black ministers of the Christian faith are busy cow-towing to the Democrat Party.
Original post: The seventh annual State of the Black Union conference was held over the weekend in Houston. I was bracing for fireworks from the appearance of fiery actor/activist Harry Belafonte. But on the same panel with him, and Cornell West, was Min. Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Islam.
That's where the fireworks should be today... BET's "man of the year" called on the African-American nation to essentially separate itself from white America, and to let the American house "burn down."
News coverage of the event has focused on Farrakhan's comments (and on his comments the following day at a Savior's Day rally). And as always happens when a group of Black folk get together to talk about public policy (or for a high profile funeral...) the coverage has also focused on criticism of the Bush administration during the event.
It should be noted that Smiley invited several prominent Republicans, including Michael Steele, an African-American candidate for governor in Maryland, Ohio Secretary of State Ken Blackwell, also a gubernatorial candidate, and members of the Bush administration, including most notably, HUD Secretary Alphonso Jackson, to be panelists at the conference, but all either decliend, or accepted the invite but then failed to show up on panel day. (The exception was a lone woman who's a Republican state senator from I believe it was Ohio.) Jackson, for one, was apparently staying in the same hotel as Smiley, but still didn't make it to his place on the dais. It's hard to argue that only one side was represented at a conference when the other side doesn't show up... It makes you wonder whether the conservatives/Republicans themselves really believe they have an argument Black America wants to hear... (and the excuse that the audience wouldn't have been receptive is bunk. President Bush got a very respectful reception, as did his father, at the Coretta King funeral. Now the speeches he had to sit through were another matter, but if you don't like the speeches, don't do stuff to bring them on...)
Meanwhile, Illinois Gov. Blagoyevich is under fire (in the MSM and the blogosphere) for including a NOI advisor on his hate crimes panel...
More on the conference from Black America Web, including some disconcerting statistics about the state of black America.
This year, Tavis Smiley, who puts the conference together, went beyond just the panel and actually had a group of economic, legal, political and sociological experts contribute to a book, called the Covenant With Black America (linked here). The goal of the book, according to Smiley's foundation, which also organizes the conference, is to
"…outline(s) how individuals, groups, communities and the body politic can move forward to make this nation better. When we make Black America better, we make all of America better. We all want an America as good as its promise." Despite the good intentions, Smiley is sure to catch flak today over Farrakhan's participation in the conference, which is a shame since very important issues -- from home ownership to economic empowerment and money management -- were tackled at the conference, which spanned three panels over about six hours on CSPAN (and not, by the way, on BET...)
The context for this and other discussions about the economic and social state of the Black community takes place amid a general dimunition in economic opportunity for middle class and lower middle class Americans, and a yawning wealth gap that goes beyond the color line.
Farrakhan essentially argued that Black Americans need to pull away from the American mainstream, and form our own institutions (including a department of education, a division of cultural affairs and for some reason, a department of foreign policy...) but his calls for separation, ones he's made before, aren't really all that relevant today. Separation is not an option. We African-Aemricans (those of us who come from immigrant stock and those here since slavery) live in America, are Americans, and have to succeed or fail here. We need to be a part of the various institutions that make up this country. Tavis and other panelists, including Belafonte, made that point emphatically after Farrakhan had made his waves and left the building.
Let's see if the coverage of the event includes a serious treatment of all the issues raised at the conference, rather than just the fireworks.
More on the conference from the Ipinions Journal...
Tags: Farrakhan, Covenant with black America, Tavis Smiley, Louis Farrakhan, Harry Belafonte, Cornell West, Al Sharpton |
posted by JReid @ 7:23 AM   |
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| Do you remember? |
The death toll in Louisiana from Hurricane Katrina hit 1,104 over the weekend, at least officially, but not everyone believes the number is that low. Conspiracy theories are cropping up suggesting the Bush administration is deliberately holding down the numbers. (More on the theories, and the goings on, from blogger Robert Lindsay here...)
Meanwhile, the charges of incompetence, fraud and even bribery continue to roil FEMA, even as unidenfied bodies are being buried in time for Fat Tuesday (during a Mardis Gras described by the New York Times, no less, as the "whitest" in memory...)
... And the money donated by generous people all over the world to help Katrina victims? Two-thirds of it has already been spent...
...Here's hoping the hospitals are in better shape now...
...Check out the Voices of Katrina blog (from New Orleans)...
...Get updated news on New Orleans at NOLA.com...
...More on the two federal Katrina reports from Bloomberg...
Tags: Katrina, New Orleans, Hurricane, government |
posted by JReid @ 6:35 AM   |
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| Don't mess with Grassley |
From yesterday's UPI report: First of all, it's not 6 ports that DPW is set to take over, it's 21. Also:
At issue is a 1992 amendment to a law that requires a 45-day review if the foreign takeover of a U.S. company "could affect national security." Many members of Congress see that review as mandatory in this case.
But Bush administration officials said Thursday that review is only triggered if a Cabinet official expresses a national security concern during an interagency review of a proposed takeover.
"We have a difference of opinion on the interpretation of your amendment," said Treasury Department Deputy Secretary Robert Kimmitt.
The Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, comprised of officials from 12 government departments and agencies, including the National Security Council and the Department of Homeland Security, approved the deal unanimously on January 17.
"The structure of the deal led us to believe there were no national security concerns," said Homeland Security Deputy Secretary Michael P. Jackson.
The same day, the White House appointed a DP World executive, David C. Sanborn, to be the administrator for the Maritime Administration of the Department of Transportation. Sanborn had been serving as director of operations for Europe and Latin America at DP World.
Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman John Warner, R- Va., said he will request from both the U.S. attorney general and the Senate committee's legal counsel a finding on the administration's interpretation of the 1992 amendment.
Adding to the controversy is the fact Congress was not notified of the deal. Kimmitt said Congress is periodically updated on completed CFIUS decisions, but is proscribed from initiating contact with Congress about pending deals. It may respond to congressional inquiries on those cases only.
Iowa Republican Sen. Charles Grassley stated in a letter to Bush on Feb. 21 that he specifically requested to be kept abreast of foreign investments that may have national security implications. He made the request in the wake of a controversial Chinese proposal to purchase an oil company last year.
"Obviously, my request fell on deaf ears. I am disappointed that I was neither briefed nor informed of this sale prior to its approval. Instead, I read about it in the media," he wrote. But hang, on, there was an objection, from the Homeland Security Department... if a brief one...
And if the administration is pissing off Republicans like Grassley, do they really expect even this kiss-up Congress to do its usual lay down and do what the White House says act? I woudn't count on it...
Tags: Border security, Border security, Bush, Ports, UAE, Dubai |
posted by JReid @ 1:43 PM   |
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| Who's watching you? |
The Bush administration was ordered by Congress to shut down the Total Information Awareness data mining program two years ago, but according to a report in the National Journal, they have done no such thing... Exerpts from the NJ story below, with a HT to Rawstory:
A controversial counter-terrorism program, which lawmakers halted more than two years ago amid outcries from privacy advocates, was stopped in name only and has quietly continued within the intelligence agency now fending off charges that it has violated the privacy of U.S. citizens.
Research under the Defense Department's Total Information Awareness program -- which developed technologies to predict terrorist attacks by mining government databases and the personal records of people in the United States -- was moved from the Pentagon's research-and-development agency to another group, which builds technologies primarily for the National Security Agency, according to documents obtained by National Journal and to intelligence sources familiar with the move. The names of key projects were changed, apparently to conceal their identities, but their funding remained intact, often under the same contracts.
Two of the most important components of the TIA program were moved to the Advanced Research and Development Activity, housed at NSA headquarters in Fort Meade, Md., documents and sources confirm. One piece was the Information Awareness Prototype System, the core architecture that tied together numerous information extraction, analysis, and dissemination tools developed under TIA. The prototype system included privacy-protection technologies that may have been discontinued or scaled back following the move to ARDA.
A $19 million contract to build the prototype system was awarded in late 2002 to Hicks & Associates, a consulting firm in Arlington, Va., that is run by former Defense and military officials. Congress's decision to pull TIA's funding in late 2003 "caused a significant amount of uncertainty for all of us about the future of our work," Hicks executive Brian Sharkey wrote in an e-mail to subcontractors at the time. "Fortunately," Sharkey continued, "a new sponsor has come forward that will enable us to continue much of our previous work." Sources confirm that this new sponsor was ARDA. Along with the new sponsor came a new name. "We will be describing this new effort as 'Basketball,' " Sharkey wrote, apparently giving no explanation of the name's significance. Another e-mail from a Hicks employee, Marc Swedenburg, reminded the company's staff that "TIA has been terminated and should be referenced in that fashion."
Sharkey played a key role in TIA's birth, when he and a close friend, retired Navy Vice Adm. John Poindexter, President Reagan's national security adviser, brought the idea to Defense officials shortly after the 9/11 attacks. The men had teamed earlier on intelligence-technology programs for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, which agreed to host TIA and hired Poindexter to run it in 2002. In August 2003, Poindexter was forced to resign as TIA chief amid howls that his central role in the Iran-Contra scandal of the mid-1980s made him unfit to run a sensitive intelligence program.
It's unclear whether work on Basketball continues. What is clear is that you don't want John Poindexter anywhere near your personal shit. More on Poindexter here here. And just what is TIA? According to one watch-dog site:
Admiral John Poindexter, notorious for his role in Iran-Contra, says the new Pentagon system will provide DoD and other government agencies with instant access to E-mail, calling records and credit card and banking transactions -- as well as travel records. All of these "searches" will be conducted without a search warrant according to Markoff.
Poindexter has said it is necessary that the government "break down the stovepipes" that seperate commercial and government databases, as Markoff says. The DoD, once gaining access to the vast sea of data stored in airline, bank and hotel computers will then use "data mining" techniques to determine patterns that appear suspicious. If this plan goes into effect you can expect a visit from the FBI if you travel too much, or a friendly visit from an unidentified man in a suit if you use your credit cards in "strange" ways. (Markoff is John Markoff. More on him here.)
Now what's this all about? National security? Maybe. But consider the fact that the government has never been so close to major multinational corporations as it is during the current GOP hegemony and under the Bush administration. For the Bushies, national security came second in the Dubai port case, so the presumption that everything they do is done to prevent another 9/11 no longer holds water.
What is it that they do want? Open borders -- cheap foreign labor, like the Saudis enjoy -- a smaller middle class where more young people can be culled into the armed forces, but fewer into high technology jobs -- lower wages closer to those in the international markets -- no unions -- and an economy based almost entirely on consumption rather than manufacturing...
And now consider this: they're conspiring with big telecommunications companies to steal the Internet, and make you pay for it.
And if the government could cull data about everything you do, everything you read, buy, or what information you look up on the Int | | | |